This report presents MCC Economics's evidence submission to the UK Climate Change Committee (CCC) on the role of carbon offsetting within national decarbonisation pathways. Drawing on our experience in regulatory economics and market design, the report evaluates the effectiveness, credibility, and governance of offsetting mechanisms in supporting net zero delivery. It considers both voluntary and compliance markets, highlighting the risks of overreliance on offsets and proposing frameworks to ensure integrity, transparency, and additionality in emission reduction claims.
The Climate Change Committee launched a call for evidence to assess the contribution of carbon offsetting to the UK’s net zero strategy. MCC Economics’ submission responds with a critical economic assessment of current offsetting practices, identifying where market and policy interventions can improve outcomes. The report outlines key challenges in monitoring, verification, and permanence of offsets; economic incentives that drive offset demand and supply; principles for integrating offsetting within credible transition plans; and recommendations for regulatory consistency, data disclosure, and international coordination. Our evidence supports a balanced approach that recognises offsetting’s potential while reinforcing the primacy of direct emission reductions.
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